Lesson 16: First Aorist, Active and Middle, Indicative
| ἠκουσα - I heard | ἐγραψα - I wrote |
| ἐβλεψα - I saw | ἐπεμψα - I sent |
| ἐδιδαξα - I taught | ἐβαπτισα - I baptized |
| ἐθεραπευσα - I healed | ἐσωσα - I saved |
| ἐκηρυξα - I preached | ἐδοξασα - I glorified |
ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the vocabulary above.
The First Aorist Active Indicative is a verbal action that is completed in the past. The vocabulary words above are all first aorist, active, indicatives, and the way they are translated are the way that all first aorist verbs are translated.
The form of the verb is obtained by doing the following:
1- add the augment ε (as in the imperfect verb learned earlier; and all the same rules apply as there) to the stem of the verb
2- add the endings of the first aorist active indicative as shown below:
| -σα | -σαμεν |
| -σας | -σατε |
| -σε(ν) | -σαν |
For example, if the stem is λυω-
| ἐ+λυ+σα | ἐ+λυ+σαμεν |
| ἐ+λυ+σας | ἐ+λυ+σατε |
| ἐ+λυ+σεν | ἐ+λυ+σαν |
ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the First Aorist Active Indicative endings above.
The first aorist middle indicative form is given below (with the stem of λυω):
| ἐλυσαμην - I loosed myself | ἐλυσαμεθα - we loosed ourselves |
| ἐλυσω - you loosed yourself | ἐλυσαθε - you loosed yourself |
| ἐλυσατο - he loosed himself | ἐλυσαντο - they loosed themselves |
The student will note that the augment and the stem remain, as above; but the endings change. These first aorist middle indicative endings must be learned.
ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the first aorist middle indicative endings above, and translate the following sentences:
1. ἐλυσεν ὁ κυριος τους δουλος αὐτου
2. ἐπεμψαμεν τα τεκνα ἐκ του οἰκου
3. οἱ μαθηται ἐδοξασαν του θεον και τον υἱον αὐτου