Lesson 20: Present Participles

o0feilw- I owe	o0fqalmoj- eye
yeudomai- I lie	paraklhtoj- comforter, advocate
fainw- I shine	skandalon- stumbling block
a0dikia- unrighteous	xeir- hand
i(lasmoj- expiation	yeusthj- liar
0Ihsouj- Jesus	fwj- light

ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the vocabulary above.

The present, active participle of luw is:

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut
Nom.	luwn	luousa	luon
Gen.	luontoj	luoushj	luontoj
L.I.D.	luonti	luoush	luonti
Acc.	luonta	luousan	luon

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut
Nom.	luontej	luousai	luonta
Gen.	luontwn	luouswn	luontwn
L.I.D.	luousi	luousaij	luousi
Acc.	luontaj	luousaj	luonta

The present middle and passive participle of luw is:

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut.
Nom.	luomenoj	luomenh	luomenon
Gen.	luomenou	luomenhj	luomenou
L.I.D.	luomenw	luomenh	luomenw
Acc.	luomenon	luomenhn	luomenon

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut.
Nom.	luomenoi	luomenai	luomena
Gen.	luomenwn	luomenwn	luomenwn
L.I.D.	luomenoij	luomenaij	luomenoij
Acc.	luomenouj	luomenaj	luomena

The Present participle of ei0mi is:

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut.
Nom.	w0n	ou0sa	o0n
Gen.	o0ntoj	ou0shj	o0ntoj
L.I.D.	o0nti	ou0sh	o0nti
Acc.	o0nta	ou0san	o0n

	Masc.	Fem.	Neut.
Nom.	o0ntej	ou0sai	o0nta
Gen.	o0ntwn	ou0swn	o0ntwn
L.I.D.	ou0si	ou0saij	ou0si
Acc.	o0ntaj	ou0saj	o0nta

ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the paradigms above.

The participle is a verbal adjective. The present participle of any regular verb may be formed by adding the above endings to the stem.

A participle, as a verb, has tense, voice and mood. And, as an adjective, it has case, gender and number.

The function of the participle. The participle is used in sentences to describe the action of the subject. As a verb, it shares the tense of the main verb of the sentence, and as an adjective, it shares the case, gender and number of the subject of the sentence.

Note the following sentences and the way that the participles are translated:

Note: When the article precedes the participle it is translated "the one who...", "he who...". When there is no article it is translated "while" or "as". I.e.,

Participles in Greek nt must grasp well these principles in order to correctly translate them.

ASSIGNMENT: Translate the following sentences.

1. o( dexomenoj se dexetai ton kurion

2. oi( lambanontej thn xarin tou qeou swzontai

3. to fwj tou qeou fainei e0n tw kosmw

4. h0san e0n tw oi0kw tw luomenw

5. ei0domen ton a0postolon o0nta e0n th e0kklhsia

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