Lesson 20: Present Participles
| ὀφειλω - I owe | ὀφθαλμος - eye |
| ψευδομαι - I lie | παρακλητος - comforter, advocate |
| φαινω - I shine | σκανδαλον - stumbling block |
| ἀδικια - unrighteous | χειρ - hand |
| ἱλασμος - expiation | ψευστης - liar |
| Ἰησους - Jesus | φως - light |
ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the vocabulary above.
The present, active participle of λυω is:
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut | |
| Nom. | λυων | λυουσα | λυον |
| Gen. | λυοντος | λυουσης | λυοντος |
| L.I.D. | λυοντι | λυουση | λυοντι |
| Acc. | λυοντα | λυουσαν | λυον |
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut | |
| Nom. | λυοντες | λυουσαι | λυοντα |
| Gen. | λυοντων | λυουσων | λυοντων |
| L.I.D. | λυουσι | λυουσαις | λυουσι |
| Acc. | λυοντας | λυουσας | λυοντα |
The present middle and passive participle of λυω is:
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | |
| Nom. | λυομενος | λυομενη | λυομενον |
| Gen. | λυομενου | λυομενης | λυομενου |
| L.I.D. | λυομενω | λυομενη | λυομενω |
| Acc. | λυομενον | λυομενην | λυομενον |
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | |
| Nom. | λυομενοι | λυομεναι | λυομενα |
| Gen. | λυομενων | λυομενων | λυομενων |
| L.I.D. | λυομενοις | λυομεναις | λυομενοις |
| Acc. | λυομενους | λυομενας | λυομενα |
The Present participle of εἰμι is:
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | |
| Nom. | ὠν | ὀυσα | ὀν |
| Gen. | ὀντος | ὀυσης | ὀντος |
| L.I.D. | ὀντι | ὀυση | ὀντι |
| Acc. | ὀντα | ὀυσαν | ὀν |
| Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | |
| Nom. | ὀντες | οὐσαι | ὀντα |
| Gen. | ὀντων | οὐσων | ὀντων |
| L.I.D. | οὐσι | οὐσαις | οὐσι |
| Acc. | ὀντας | οὐσας | ὀντα |
ASSIGNMENT: Memorize the paradigms above.
The participle is a verbal adjective. The present participle of any regular verb may be formed by adding the above endings to the stem.
A participle, as a verb, has tense, voice and mood. And, as an adjective, it has case, gender and number.
The function of the participle. The participle is used in sentences to describe the action of the subject. As a verb, it shares the tense of the main verb of the sentence, and as an adjective, it shares the case, gender and number of the subject of the sentence.
Note the following sentences and the way that the participles are translated:
"While saying these things, the man sees the Lord".
"I see the one who is saying these things".
"I saw the one who was saying these things"
Note: When the article precedes the participle it is translated "the one who...", "he who...". When there is no article it is translated "while" or "as". I.e.,
"I saw the apostle while he was saying these things".
"I was the apostle who was saying these things".
Participles in Greek must be understood well in order to correctly translate them.
ASSIGNMENT: Translate the following sentences.
1. ὁ δεχομενος σε δεχεται τον κυριον
2. οἱ λαμβανοντες την χαριν του θεου σωζονται
3. το φως του θεου φαινει ἐν τω κοσμω
4. ἠσαν ἐν τω οἰκω τω λυομενω
5. εἰδομεν τον ἀποστολον ὀντα ἐν τη ἐκκλησια
.